Munsey's Magazine, July 1910

# Catalog Entry

This issue of Munsey's Magazine (Vol. XLII, July 1910) features "The Evolution of the Police" by Richard W. Kemp, a historical non-fiction account tracing the development of organized police forces from antiquity to the contemporary era. Kemp examines Roman police (vigiles) during Augustus's reign—seven thousand men housed in twenty-one stations, some remains of which survived to the 1800s—and notes their dubious reputation, being nicknamed "squirts" and "bucket-boys" for firefighting duties. He discusses the absence of medieval police forces, followed by France's maréchaussée (created 1356) and gendarmes (reorganized 1720). Kemp details England's evolution from constables appointed by justices of the peace to Sir Robert Peel's establishment of the London police force in 1828, which faced initial public resistance despite its effectiveness. The essay concludes with America's police history, using New York's rattle watch (1658) and watchmen as typical examples. Photographs of contemporary police officials including Berlin's Herr von Jagow, Paris's M. Lépine, and New York's William F. Baker accompany the text.